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New words introduced in this lesson
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Word List

alifu
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
aahe				he/she/it is		v.i., 3 sg. subj.; present
aahini				are		v.i., 3 pl. subj.; present
aahiyaan				(I) am		v.i., 1 sg. subj; present
aahiyo				you are		v.i., 2 pl. subj.; present
aahiyuun				(we) are		v.i., 1 pl. subj; present
aanduvi				you brought (it/him)		v.t., m. obj., + 2 pl. subj. clitic; past imperfect
aayaa				you (pl.)/they came		v.i., 2 or 3 masc. pl. subj.; past imperfect
ache				should he/it come		v.i., 3 sg. subj.; contingent future
achijo				come!		v.i., polite imperative
acho				come!		v.i., 2 pl. subj; familiar imperative
adaa				oh, brother!		n., m., sg.; vocative
adii				sister		n., f., sg.; nominative or vocative
ado				brother		n., m., sg.; nominative
ahaRii				such (1) as such (2)		pronoun (1) adverb (2)
amaan (also: amaa, amii)				mother		n., f., sg.; nominative or oblique
anyaa				still		adv.
asaan				we		pro.
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b
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
baabaa				father		n., m., sg.; nominative
basi				enough		adj. (1) adv. (2)
bi				also, too		adv.
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bb
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
bbaara				sons, children, family		n., m., pl.; nominative
bbaara-vaara				children and all; family		n., m., pl.; nominative
bbaaru				son, child		n., m., sg.; nominative
bbiyo				second, another		adj., m.; nominative
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bh
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
bhalaa				good (works)		n., m., pl.; nominative
bhale				well		adv.
bhalii kare aayaa				good that you came		literally: 'having done well, you came'
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t
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
taadde				there, in that direction		adv.; correlative
takaRa				hurry, haste (1)		n., m., sg.; nominative (1)
takiliifa				trouble, difficulty, hardship		n., f., sg.; nominative or oblique
tavahaan				you (pl.)		pronoung, 2 pl.; nominative or oblique
to				you (sg.)		pronoun, 2.sg.; oblique
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th
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
thiyaa				(they) happened, became		v.i., 3pl. subj.; past imperfective
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Th
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
Thiiku				correct (1) truly (2)		adj (1) adv. (2)
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p
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
payo hale (also: hale payo)				he/it is going		v.i., 3 sg. subj.; present continuous
payo vahe vaapre				happening, going on lit: flowing into use		v.i., 3sg. m. subj.; present progressive
peru				foot		n., m.; nominative
piyauun				(let's) drink		v.t., 1 pl. subj.; contingent future
poi				later (1) after (2)		adv. (1) postposition (2)
puTa				son!, child!		n., m., sg.; vocative
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j
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
jaadde				where, wherever, in such direction as		adv.; correlative
jaldii				quickly (1) quickness (2)		adv. (1) n., f.; nominative (2)
jii				of (possessive)		f., sg.; genitive postposition
jiian (also: jiyaan)				like, as such		adv.; correlative
jo				of (possessive)		m., sg.; genitive postposition
juun				of		f., pl.; postposition
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ch
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
chaachaa				uncle		n., m., sg.; vocative
chaacho				father's brother; uncle		n., m., sg.; nominative
chaaku				well, healthy		adj., m. sg.; nominative
chaanhi				tea		n., f., sg.; nominative
chaanhin				tea		n., f., sg.; nominative or oblique
changaa				good		adj., m., pl.; nominative
chango				okay, good (1) well (2)		adj. (1) adv. (2)
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chh
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
chhaa				what		interrogative pronoun
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h
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
haalu				condition, circumstances, state		n., m., sg.; nominative
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x
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
xeru				who		interrogative pronoun
xudaa				God		n., m., sg.; nominative or oblique
xudaa haafizu				Good-bye lit: God protector		interjection
xushii				happiness		n., f., sg.; nominative
xushu, xush				happy		adj., m./f., sg./pl.; nominative or oblique
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d
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
daadaa				elder male from Hindi 'grandfather'		n., m., sg.; vocative or nominative
daadii				elder female from Hindi 'grandmother'		n., f., sg.; vocative or nominative
duaa				blessing		n., f., sg.; nominative
duaauun				blessings		n., f., pl.; nominative
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dh
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
dharnii				God		n., m., sg.; nominative
dharniia				God		n., m., sg.; oblique
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dd
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
dde				towards, in the direction of		postposition
ddiinhan				days (1) day (2)		n., m., pl.; nominative (1) n., m. sg.; oblique (2)
ddiinhun				day		n., m., sg.; nominative
ddijo				give!		v.t., polite imperative
ddisarna				to see, look, perceive		v.t., infinitive; oblique
ddiThe				(having) seen		v.t., adverbial perfective
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r
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
raho				stay		v.i., 2 pl. subj.; polite imperative
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s
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
saaiin				sir		n., m., sg.; nominative or oblique
saan				with		postposition
sabhu				all		n., m.; nominative
sadaaiin				always		adv.
salaamu				greetings		from Arabic 'peace'
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z
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
zaruuru				necessary		adv.
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k
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
kahaRii				which		f., sg.; interrogative pronoun
kahiRo				which? of what kind?		m., sg.; interrogative pronoun
kanhan				some		indefinite pronoun, oblique
kayava				you (pl.) made it (fem.)		v.t., f. obj. + 2 pl. subject clitic; past imperfect
kayo				made it (masc.)		v.t., m. obj.; past imperfect
kiian				how		adv.
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kh
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
khaaijo				be eaten		v.t., passive also polite imperative
khaauun				(let's) eat		v.t., 1pl. subj.; contingent future
khe				to		oblique postposition
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g
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
gaddu				together		adv.
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gg
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
ggaalihi				speech, talk, matter, act, affair		n., f., sg.; nominative or oblique
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gh
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
gharnaa				many, much		adj., m., pl.; nominative
gharno				many, much (1) exceedingly, very (2)		adj., m., sg.; nominative (1) adv. (2)
gharu				house		n., m., sg.; nominative
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m
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
maani				bread, food		n., f., sg.; nominative
mahala				time		n., f., sg.; nominative or oblique
marzii				will, consent, pleasure		n., f.; nominative or oblique
maze men				to be very content, happy		n., m., sg.; oblique + postposition
mazo				delight, enjoyment, anything enjoyable or pleasing		n., m., sg.; nominative
men				in		postposition
mihira				kindness, compassion		n., f., sg.; nominative
milandaasiin				we will meet		v.t., 1 pl. subject; definite future
munhinjaa				my (masc. pl. object)		pronoun; possessive, masc. pl. object
munhinjii				my (fem. sg. object)		pronoun; possessive, fem. sg. object
munhinjo				my (masc. sg. object)		pronoun; possessive, masc. sg. object
muun				I		pronoun, 1 sg.; nominative or oblique (dialectal variation)
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n
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
na				no, not		adv.
namaste				greetings! hello		from Sanskrit 'obeisance unto you'
nathaa acho				(you) do not come		Neg. + v.i., 2pl. subject, m.; present imperfective
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v
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
vaaprarnu				to come of or into use		v.i.; infinitive
vaara (see bbaara-vaara) (also: vaaro, vaari, vaariyuun)				and such (loosely translated)		noun ending, m., pl. also m.sg., f.sg., f.pl.
vaqtu				time		n., m., sg.; nominative
varii				again		adv.
vartosiin				we took		v.t., m. obj., +1 pl. subj.clitic; past imperfect
vaTi				near, to, for, in exchange for		postposition
veho				(please) sit!		v.i.; polite imperative
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h
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
haa				yes		interjection
halaauun				we shall go		v.i., 1 pl. subj.; contingent future
hale payo (also: payo hale)				he/it is going		v.i., 3 sg. subj.; present continuous
haruubharuu				without cause or reason (1) certainly, undoubtedly (2)		adv. (1, 2)
hiiu				this		pronoun, m., sg.; nominative
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y
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
yaaru				friend		n., m., sg.; nominative
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hamzo
Roman Transcription		Sindhi Script		English Translation		Grammatical Features
ii				even, still		emphatic particle
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